Rotary jar



Feb. 13, 1940. E. F. RAYMOND ROTARY JAR Original Filed Oct. 19, 1936 2Sheets-Sheet 1 lNvENToR. Edward F Raj/mona BYI/JO Mm Feb. E3, 1940. E.F. RAYMOND ROTARY J AR Original Filed Oct. 19, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mmmmm MDWMJ HZ@ m w a w MW@ ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 13, 1940 UNITED STATES l ROTARY JAR Edward F. Raymond,Manhattan Beach, Calif.

Application October 19, 1936, Serial No. 106,290 Renewed November 28,1938 18 Claims.

My invention relates to adjustable rotary jars used ln connection withdrilling and iishing tools utilized in cil well drilling operations.

An important object of my invention is to provide such a rotary jar thatmay be adjusted without disconnecting the drill string, withoutwithdrawing the drill string from the hole, and without withdrawing thejar from the hole.

Another object is to provide means in such a rotary jar for successivelyincreasing the tension, whereby blows of increased `intensity may bedealt in order to dislodge a tool stuck in a well.

A further object is to provide means in a rotary jar for automaticallydealing a sudden, downward blow by means of the superposed weight ofdrill stem upon the jar.

A still further object is to provide in a rotary jar of any charactermentioned above in which blows may be dealt with the single tool ineither an upward or a downward direction.

Another object of the invention is to provide for automaticallyincreasing the tension for the purpose mentioned, or automaticallydecreasing the tension by means of the weight of superposed drill stem.

The invention also comprises novel details of construction and novelcombinations and arrangement of parts, which will more fully appear inthe course of the following description.

In the drawings, like reference characters designate similar parts inthe several views.

Figure l is a longitudinal section of a rotary jar embodying features ofmy invention, and showing the device ready to commence an upwardlydirected jarring blow.

Figure 2 is an elevation, partly in section, showing the completion ofthe upwardly directed jarring blow.

Figure 3 is an elevation, partly in section, showing an adjustingposition of the device.

Figure 4 is an elevation, partly in section, showing the device ready tocommence a downwardly directed jarring blow. n

Figure 5 is an elevation, partly in section, show ing the completion ofthe downwardly directed jarring blow.

Figures 6 to 9, inclusive, and Figure l1 are respectivelf,r transversesections taken on the lines 6 6, I-l, 8-8, 9 9, II--II of Figure 2.

Figure 10 is a transverse section taken on the line Ill- I0 of Figure 1.y

Figures 12 and 13 show longitudinal sections of a broken elevation,illustrating a modied construction.

Figure 14 is a transverse section taken on the line I4-I4 of Figure 13.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, the reference number I5designates a wash pipe concentrically disposed in the bore of an uppersub I6. A gland I1 and packing I8 mount the wash pipe in uid tightrelationship to the upper sub I6. The upper sub is shown in Figure 1 inthreaded engagement with a threaded pin I9 on the lower end of a stringof drill pipe.

The normally lower end of the upper sub I6 has an internally andexternally threaded nipple 20. The internal threads are screwed upon theupper end of a mandrel 2I. The external threads of the nipple arescrewed into an upper, female section 22 of a bowl generally designatedby the number 23. A lower, male section of the bowl is shown at 24. Thesaid bowl sections will be more fully described hereinafter.

Slidably mounted upon the mandrel 2l is an adjusting ring or sleeve 26.A portion of the ring 26 is tapered exteriorly and another portioncarries left-hand threads 25 that engage corresponding threads on theopposed surface within the upper bowl section. Disposed upon thetapering portion of the ring 26 are depending guides or teeth 21.

The mandrel also comprises a hammer 28 provided at its lower end withsplines 29 on opposite sides of the hammer.

Packing 30 and a gland 3I provide a iiuid tight connection between awash pipe 32 leading from the lower end of the mandrel and a lower sub33. The lower sub has a threaded connection with the lower end of thelower bowl section 24, which section has upper and lower anvils 34 and35 respectively for striking contact by the hammer 28.

The lower bowl section 24 also contains oppositely disposed grooves 36for sliding engagement by the splines 29 on the hammer. It will be notedin Figure 10 that between the grooves 36 are members 31 of the section24, which provide shoulders upon which the splines 29 may rest when thehammer 28 is raised and given a quarter turn. The members 31 alsoprovide abutments to transmit rotary movement of the mandrel to thelower bowl section 24.

Integral with the mandrel 2|, and below the hammer 28, are four clutchmembers 38 at quadrant points around the circumference. The lower sub 33contains grooves 39 to receive the clutch members 38. Members 40 of thelower sub between the grooves 39 provide shoulders upon which the clutchmembers may rest when the clutch members are not alined with the grooves39. The bottom edges of the clutch members 38 and the top edges of theshoulders 46 are inclined in the same direction, to cause the clutch'members to tend to slide from said shoulders when the weight of themandrel and the weight of a superposed drill stem are allowed to rest onthe clutch members. The inclination of said edges is preferably 25 or 30from the horizontal.

Arranged in the lower bowl section 24, longitudinally between the anvils34 and 36, are oppositely disposed ribs 4I that provide abutments forthe splines 29, to limit torque of the hammer to 180.

The lower bowl section 24 has an integral, upwardly projecting malemember 42 that telescopes with the upper, female bowl member 22. Betweenthe body oi' the lower bowl section and the male member 42 is acircumferential shoulder 43 for limiting inward movement of the malemember with respect to the upper bowl section 22.

`To provide fluid-tight packing between the male member 42 and the upperbowl section a rubber gasket 44 is provided. The inner surface of theupper bowl section 22 has a groove 45 in which the rubber gasket ispreferably vulcanized.

Arranged at the upper end of the lower bowl section 24 (at the end ofthe male member 42) is an expansible, yieldable, resilient end-portion46. Said end-portion is serrated, providing teeth 41 which cooperatewith the teeth 21 to form clutch means engageable and disengageable bylongitudinal relative' movement of the upper and lower sections of thejar, which clutch means forms part of the means of the invention foradjusting the releasable movement restraining means comprising thecrimps 50 and the grooves which cooperate therewith. Between the teeth.the end-portion 46 is split, as shown at 48. Allned with the points ofthe teeth 41, but not extending to said points, are slots 49. 'I'heend-portion 46 has a series of circumferential crimps 50.

In the form shown in Figures 1 and 2, the crimps are formed of angularlyarranged faces providing a series of pointed ridges 5I. In the formshown in Figure 12, the crimps have cylindrical faces52 betweenangularly arranged faces 53 and 54. In the form shown in Figure 12, theteeth 55 resemble the contour of rip saw teeth. In the form shown inFigure 13, the splines are omitted from the hammer 56.

Rotary movement of the mandrel in this form is transmitted to the lowersub through the intermediary of clutch members 51 and 58 mounted instaggered relation on the mandrel. The clutch members 51 are constructedsimilar to, and function similar to, the clutch members 38, except thatthere are only two of the clutch members 51.

The members 58 provide abutments for engaging stops 59 in grooves 66 oflower sub 6|. The top of the lower sub 6| between the grooves 60 provideinclined shoulders 62 for engagement with the lower inclined ends of theclutch members 51, in one position of the latter.

The upper bowl section 22 is grooved interiorly corresponding to thecrimps 56. The upper bowl section 63 in Figure l2 is grooved interiorlycorresponding to the crimps shown in the latter figure.

The inner surface of the end-portion 46 is preferably tapered to conformwith the taper of the expanding sleeve 26 as shown in Figure 4. The

exterior surface of the end-portion 46 may dare downwardly andoutwardly, as also suggested in the latter figure, and the therewithopposed, interiorly grooved portion of the upper bowl section 22 mayflare correspondingly.

The operation of my rotary jar is as follows: The downward jarringoperationV will be described rst. It is to be understood that whenhitting a downwardly directed blow, the yieldable end portion 46, theteeth-41, the guides 21, the tapered sleeve 26, and the left-handthreads 25 are inoperative for the functions hereinbefore described.

Figure 4 illustrates the position of the hammer 28 ready for adownwardly directed jarring blow.

In this position, the splines 29 of the hammer are alined with the lower'anvil 35 and out of alinement with the grooves 86. This relativearrangement permits the hammer splines to strike the lower `anvil afull, jarring blow without the hammer descending to its lowest positionand without the expanding sleeve' 26 forcibly entering and expanding theresilient member 46. Thus the mandrel and hammer are permitted todescend sharply irrespective of the upper bowl section, inasmuch as theresilience of the end-portion 46 will permit it to slide along insidethe upper bowl section 22.

When the device is ready for a downwardly jarring blow, the inclinedends of the clutch members 38 rest on the inclined shoulders 40. Withoutpermitting rotation, the entire superposed weight of the drill stem isthen allowed to rest upon the mandrel. Thereupon the drill stem is freedfor rotation, permitting the inclined clutch ends to slip from theinclined shoulders 49, dealing a sharp, effective, downward blow.

The position of the hammer 28 at the end of its downwardly directed blowis illustrated in Figure 5.

When producing an upwardly directed blow,

the mandrel, and hence the hammer, are turned in a horizontal plane fromtheir position in which they produce a downwardly directed blow. Figure3 shows the newly adjusted position. In this new position, the splines29 are alined with the grooves 36 and out of alinement with the anvil35.

Moreover, downward movement of the upper bowl section 22 forces theexpanding sleeve 26 to move into the expansible end-portion 46, wherebythe crimps 56 engage the corresponding grooves in the upper bowlsection. The endportion 46 thereby acts as a clutch for maintaining theupper and lower bowlsections as an operating unit for the up stroke.'Ihe position of the hammer 28, when it is ready for an upwardlydirected blow, is illustrated in Figure l.

The position of the hammer 28 at the end of the upwardly directedstroke, is shown in Fig-` ure 2.

The operation of the means for increasing the tension between the upperand lower bowl sections, which is an important feature of the invention,is as follows: The upper bowl section 22 is lifted until the guides orteeth 21 are disengaged from the teeth 41, but still maintain the clutchmembers in engagement with the grooves 39. Then torque is taken in thesub and upper bowl section 22 to the right, until the guides 21 pass thetips of the next succeeding teeth. Then the drill stem above the jarringdevice is allowed to settle down, thus forcing the guides further to theright by reason of the sloping sides of the teeth 41, as best shown inFigure l. This movement rotatesthe sleeve 26, which, by reason of theleft-hand threads 25, forces the sleeve further down into the expansibleend-portion 46, thus increasing the tension between the upper and lowerbowl sections and thus increasing the force of the upwardly directedblow. Y

Further increase in the tension is similarly made. v0f course, decreasein the tension is effected by taking the torque in the oppositedirection. i The guide 10 in Figure 12 corresponds in shape to the teeth55 and produces the adjustment for the tension in the manner describedas to the previous form.

In the form shown in Figure 13, the splines are eliminated from the'hammer and the abutments 58 limit rotary movement of the mandrel. Theclutch members 51 function similar to the operation explained inconnection with clutch member 38.

While I have illustrated and described what I now regard as thepreferred embodiment of my invention, the construction is, of course,subject to modifications without departing from the spirit ofmyinvention. I, therefore, do not wish to restrict myself to theparticular form of construction illustrated and described, but desire toavail myself of all modifications which may fall within the scope of theappended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is:

1. In a jar for use in rotary drilling, a bowl having male and femalesections arranged for movement from a contracted to an extendedposition, the end-portion of the male section being expansible tofrictionally engage the inner surface of the female section and hold thesections in a contracted position, a mandrel, and a tapered sleevehaving a threaded connection with said female section and slidablyembracing the mandrel arranged to expand the said endportion within thefemale section, the threaded 'LTI connection being arranged toprogressively move the sleeve into or out of the male section, to varythe friction between the sections and to vary the tension necessary tomove the sections to an extended position.

2. In a jar for use in rotary drilling, a bowl having male and femalesections arranged for movement from a contracted to an extendedposition, the end-portion of the male section being expansible and beingtapered exteriorly and the opposed surface of the female section beingcorrespondingly tapered interiorly, a mandrel, a hammer on the mandrel,an anvil in the bowl, a wedge-shaped member on the female sectionarranged to enter the end-portion of the male section and expand same,whereby the sections frictionally engage, the one within the other andhold the sections in a contracted position until the strain of thehammer against the anvil overcomes the said friction and the sectionsare moved to an extended position.

3. In a jar `for use in rotary drilling, a bowl having male and femalesections arranged for movement from a contracted to an extendedposition, the end-portion of the male section being expansible and beingtapered interiorly, and a similarly tapered, wedge member on the femalesection arranged to expand the end-portion to frictionally engage theinner surface of the female section, to hold the sections in acontracted position, the wedge member being movable progressively intothe end-portion, to vary the friction between the sections and to varythe tension necessary to move the sections to an extended position.

4. In a jar for use in rotary drilling, a mandrel, upper and lower subsspaced along the mandrel, a bowl comprising sections on the mandrelbetween the subs, the bowl sections being connected with the subsrespectively, the mandrel being naked and of uniform diameter betweenthe subs except for a hammer head holding the sections in alinement andadapted to carry the entire jarring load but permitting at least one ofthe sections to be movable relative to the other from a contracted to anextended position, resilient means to hold the sections in a contractedposition, the resilient means being adapted to release the bowl wherebyat least one of the sections may be moved to an extended position whenthe strain exceeds a predetermined amount.

5. In a jar for use in rotary drilling, a mandrel, a tapered. threaded.expanding member on the mandrel, a bowl comprising male and femalesections movable from a contracted to an extended position on themandrel, the end-portion of the male section being expansible tofrictionally engage the inner surface of the female section anti holdthe sections in a contracted position, the outer edge of the end-portionbeing toothed, a guide on the expanding member arranged to selectivelyengage the teeth as the expanding member enters the expansibleend-portion, the threads being arranged on the expanding member toprogressively move the sleeve in or out of the end-portion to vary thefriction between the sections and to vary the tension necessary to movethe sections to an extended position.

6. In a jar for `use in rotary drilling, a mandrel, a tapered, threadedexpanding member on the mandrel, a bowl comprising male and femaletelescoping sections movable from a contracted to an extended positionon the mandrel, a portion of the male section being expansible tofrictionally engage the inner surface of the female section and hold thesections in a contracted position, the male section having teethprovided with tapered edges, aV tapered guide on the mandrel arranged toselectively engage the teeth when the expanding member is within thesaid expansible portion, the female section having a threaded connectionwith the sleeve to progressively move the sleeve in orout relative tothe end-portion of the male member, the guide and teeth being tapered inopposite directions for the weight above the jar to force rotarymovement of the guide, whereby to`effect longitudinal movement of theguide, relative to the male section by the guide seating itself betweenadjacent teeth.

7. A jar for use in rotary drilling, comprising two memberstelescopically assembled one within the other for relative longitudinalmovement from a contracted to an extended position, friction meansnormally holding said members in a contracted position but releasable bythe exertion of a predetermined longitudinal strain between saidmembers, and means for adjusting said friction means to vary the strainrequired to release it, said adjusting means comprisingV afriction-increasing wedge on one member providing a threaded connectionwith the other member and vertically opposed, inclined teeth on thewedge and the other member whereby the teeth seat themselves betweeneach other by the weight of a drill stem above the jar.

8. In a jar for use in rotary drilling, a mandrel, a bowl, a sub havingan inclined shoulder, a clutch on the mandrel having a similarlyinclined surface for engaging the inclined shoulder, the sub havingmeans for engaging with said clutch to effect conjunctive rotarymovement of the mandrel and sub. a hammer on the mandrel and the bowlhaving an anvil arranged to be struck a jarring blow by the hammer, thesaid inclines on the clutch and on the sub being of suiclent angle tothe horizontal for the one to slide from the other, the mandrel beingrotatable separately 4from the sub when the clutch is in a non-engagingposition, whereby torque may be taken in the mandrel separately, thesliding of the clutch from the sub shoulder causing the hammer todeliver a blow against the anvil.

9. In a jar for use in rotary drilling, a mandrel, a bowl, a sub havingan inclined shoulder, a hammer on the mandrel, the bowl having an anvilarranged to be struck a jarring blow by the hammer, a clutch on themandrel, thesub being grooved for engaging with said clutch, the clutchhaving a surface inclined similarly to the shoulder on the sub, theinclined surfaces being in contact in one position of the mandrel, theinclines being of sufficient angle to the horizontal for the mandrel toslide from the sub into said engaging position, an abutment on themandrel in staggered relation with the clutch, the abutment engaging thegroove on the sub and limiting relative rotary movement of the mandreland the sub.

10. A jar for rotary drilling comprising: a mandrel adapted to dependfrom a drilling string; a body member telescoping over the lower end ofsaid mandrel; hammer and anvil means incorporating said mandrel and bodymember; an outer shell depending from said drilling string around saidmandrel; an inner shell extending upwardly from said body member betweensaid outer shell and mandrel; and friction means incorporating both ofsaid shells, adapted to release upon application of a predeterminedlongitudinal stress on said drilling string.

1l. A jar for rotary drilling comprising: a mandrel adapted to dependfrom a drilling string; a body member telescoping over the lower end Iofsaid mandrel; hammer and anvil means incorporating said mandrel and bodymember; an outer shell depending from said drilling string around saidmandrel and rotatable with said drilling string; an inner shellextending upwardly from said body member between said shell and mandrel;friction means incorporating both of said shells, adapted to releaseupon application of a predetermined longitudinal stress on said drillingstring; a screw-threaded traveler member mounted within said outer shelland engageable with said inner shell to shift axially of said outershell and drilling string upon relative rotation of the shells; and anadjusting element for said friction means carried by said travelermember.

l2. A jar for rotary drilling comprising: a mandrel adapted to dependfrom a drilling string; a body member telescoping over the lower end ofsaid mandrel; hammer and anvil means incorporating said mandrel and bodymember; an outer shell dependingfrom said drilling string around saidmandrel; an inner shell extending upwardly from said body member betweensaid shell and mandrel; friction means incorporating both of saidshells, adapted to release upon application of a predetermined stress onsaid drilling string; a traveler member screw-threaded with respect toone of said shells; clutch means incorporating said traveler member andthe other of said shells, said clutch means being engaged to shift thetraveler member axially when said hammer and anvil means are inproximate engagement, and disengaged when said hammer and anvil meansare substantially separated; and an adjustment element carried by saidtraveler and engageable with said friction means to regulate the same.

13. A jar for rotary drilling comprising: a mandrel adapted to dependfrom a drilling string; a body member telescoping over the lower end ofsaid mandrel: hammer and anvil means incorporating said mandrel and bodymember; an o'uter shell depending from said drilling string around saidmandrel; an inner shell extending upwardly from said body member betweensaid shell and mandrel; yieldable fingers extending from one of saidshells and engageable with the other shell, there being rib and recessmeans incorporating the yieldable fingers and other shell disengageableupon exertion of a predetermined longitudinal strain between saidshells; a traveler member screw-threadedly associated with one shell andhaving clutch means engageable with the other shell; and a Wedge membercarried by said traveler member to expand and adjust the tension of saidyieldable fingers.

14. A jar for rotary drilling comprising: a mandrel adapted to dependfrom a drilling string; a body member telescoping over the lower end of'said mandrel; hammer and anvil means incorporating said mandrel and bodymember; an outer shell depending from said drilling string around saidmandrel; an inner shell extending upwardly from said body member betweensaid shell and mandrel; yieldable fingers extending from said innershell; rib and recess means incorporating said fingers and theconfronting wall of the outer shell; a traveler member screwthreadedymounted within said outer shell and having a wedge member adapted totelescope in said fingers and adjust the tension thereof; said fingersdefining a serrated edge and a lug carried by said traveler engageablewith said fingers to form therewith a clutch for shifting said travelermember upon relative rotation of said shells. 15. The combination with ajar having a pair of telescoping shells; yieldable fingers extendingfrom said inner shell; rib and recess-means incorporating said fingersand the confronting wall of the outer shell; a' traveler memberscrewthreadedly mounted Within said outer shell and having a wedgemember adapted to telescope in said ngers and adjust the tensionthereof; said fingers defining a serrated edge and a lug carried by saidtraveler member engageable with said ngers to form therewith a clutchfor shifting said traveler member upon relative rotation of said shells.l

16. In a rotary jar of the character described. the combination of apair of sections connected together for longitudinal relative movementand for angular Arelative movement from a first angular position to asecond angular position, there being two sets of shoulders on saidsections engageable to produce a jarring blow when said sections aremoved either together or apart, and means of interengagement wherebyrotation may be transmitted from one section to the other section;releasable restraining means operati\ when said sections are in saidfirst angularposition to restrain said sections against relative out-Vns waard movement to produce a jarring blow;v and releasablerestraining means operative when said sections are in said secondangular position to restrain said sections against relative inwardmovement to produce a jarring blow, said releasable means being releasedby force appliedk through said sections tending to impart relativelongitudinal movement to said sections.

17. A jar for rotary drilling comprising: a mandrel adapted to dependfrom a drilling string; a body member telescoping over the lower end ofsaid mandrel; hammer and anvil means incorporating said mandrel and bodymember; an outer shell depending from said drilling string around saidmandrel; an inner shell extending upwardly from said body member betweensaid shell and mandrel; yieldable fingers extending from said innershell; rib and recess means incorporating said fingers and theconfronting wall of the outer shell; a traveler member screwthreadedlymounted within said outer shell and having a wedge member adapted totelescope in said ilngers and adjust the tension thereof; said fingersdefining a serrated edge and a lug carried by said traveler engageablewith said fingers to form therewith a clutch for shifting said travelermember upon relative rotation of said shells.

18. The combination with a jar having a pair of telescoping shell-s;yieldable fingers extending from said inner shell; rib and recess meansincorporating said fingers and the confronting Wall of the outer shell;a traveler member screwthreadeldly mounted within said outer shell andhaving a Wedge member adapted to telescope in said fingers and adjustthe tension thereof; said iingers defining a serrated edge and a lugcarried by said traveler member engageable with said ngers to formtherewith a clutch for shifting said traveler member upon relativerotation of said shells.

EDWARD F. RAYMOND.

